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Topography has long been recognized as having a major influence on climate, whether it be cooling due to elevation and the local lapse rate (change in temperature with altitude: on average about 6.5 deg C / 1000m) or as a barrier to circulation, with concomitant downstream affects. Since the topography of the Earth's surface has changed through time in response to tectonics and erosion, this has, not surprisingly, had a major influence on climate change. It is therefore an important boundary condition for climate models . Topography can also determine the drainage of a region. A manuscript on how to define palaeo-topography is currently in preparation (based on the poster presented at the AGU 2001 Fall meeting, Markwick, 2001). Once this manuscript is in press, I'll post some additional information and figures on this page, so do please check back later in 2003.
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